Verse 11:[1] And I beheld, and I heard the voice of many angels (Rev. 4:4, 6) round about the throne and the beasts and the elders: and the number of them was (Ps. 68:17; Dan. 7:10; Heb. 12:22) ten thousand times ten thousand, and thousands of thousands…
[I saw and heard (that is, in the vision I heard [Piscator]) the voice of Angels] The agreement between the Angels and the Church is noted (Grotius). The Angels also rejoice with her (Ribera), inasmuch as they are recapitulated in Christ into one Church, and subjected to Christ as Head (Pareus).
[In the circuit of the throne, etc.] The Angels are situated in the farthest orbit (Grotius, similarly Durham), not as if the prerogative of the Church militant was greater than that of the Angels, but on account of the infirmities and difficulties, to which the saints here are liable, whom accordingly God defends with an escort of Angels, Psalm 34:7; and so that it might be signified that the Angels serve, not God only, but also the Church, Hebrews 1:14. Thus also in Revelation 7:11 (Grotius). Now, these Angels were of an inferior order: for the primaries are signified by the four living creatures. See on Revelation 4:6 (Piscator).
And I beheld, I still attended diligently, and I heard the voice of many angels round about the throne and the beasts and the elders; and I heard many angels, with the living creatures and the elders; (from whence we gather, that we must not, by the living creatures, or elders, understand angels, for they are mentioned apart by themselves, neither could they say, as Revelation 5:9, 10, that Christ had redeemed them with his blood;) these angels joined in this harmony with the church to give glory to Christ.
[Thousands, etc., μυριάδες καὶ χιλιάδες, etc.] Thus I read out of Arethas (Beza, thus Grotius), the Complutensian Codex, and two other codices (Beza). And this agrees with Daniel 7:10 (Beza, similarly Grotius), where the description is the same (Beza). Compare Deuteronomy 33:2; Psalm 68:17; Hebrews 12:22 (Grotius). [Thus they translate it:] Myriads of myriads, and chiliads of chiliads (Valla). A myriad signifies ten thousand; a chiliad, a thousand (Erasmus, thus Valla). Others: one thousand times one hundred thousands, and ten times one hundred thousands (Beza, Piscator). A finite number in the place of the infinite (Piscator, similarly Camerarius, Valla, Durham). The sense is that those praising God were distributed into divisions, some of which consisted of one thousand times one hundred thousands, others of ten times one hundred thousands. Now, how many of these classes there might be, it is not said (Castalio).
And the number of them was ten thousand times ten thousand, and thousands of thousands; their number was infinite, not to be numbered. See the like, Daniel 7:10.
[1] Greek: καὶ εἶδον, καὶ ἤκουσα φωνὴν ἀγγέλων πολλῶν κυκλόθεν τοῦ θρόνου καὶ τῶν ζώων καὶ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων· καὶ ἦν ὁ ἀριθμὸς αὐτῶν μυριάδες μυριάδων, καὶ χιλιάδες χιλιάδων.
Archibald Alexander's Bible Truth: 'Angels are moral agents and accountable beings, or they could not be holy, and could not have sinned, as many of them have done. They were doubtless, placed when created, in a state of probation, as man was. Indeed, every rational creature, made under a moral law, is naturally in a state of probation; that is, obedience is required of him, and a reward promised, and a penalty threatened in case of disobedience. All creatures are mutable, and, therefore, all creatures, however exalted, are capable of sinning when left to themselves. Unless God, in infinite kindness and condescension, limited the period of probation, it would last forever; as forever, the creature left to himself would b…
William Tong (for Matthew Henry): 'The doxology, thus begun by the church, is carried on by the angels; they take the second part, in conjunction with the church, Revelation 5:11. They are said to be innumerable, and to be the attendants on the throne of God and guardians to the church; though they did not need a Saviour themselves, yet they rejoice in the redemption and salvation of sinners, and they agree with the church in acknowledging the infinite merits of the Lord Jesus as dying for sinners, that he is worthy to receive power, and riches, and wisdom, and strength, and honour, and glory, and blessing.'
Dr. Dilday's Sermon: "A Reformed View of Angels, Part 6"
https://www.sermonaudio.com/sermoninfo.asp?SID=42112852173
1) Introduction
2) A brief history of Angels
a) Creation
i) Time of creation
ii) Numbers
iii) Organization
b) Fall
i) Original holiness
ii) Time of fall
iii) Change of estate
Westminster Larger Catechism 16: How did God create angels? God created all the angels spirits, immortal, holy, excelling in knowledge, mighty in power, to execute his commandments, and to praise his name, yet subject to change.
iv) A probation?
v) No federal head
Dr. Dilday's Sermon: "A Reformed View of Angels, Part 5"
https://www.sermonaudio.com/sermoninfo.asp?SID=41312185921
1) Introduction: Pseudo-Dionysius’ Celestial Hierarchy
1st Order: Illumination (baptism), Communion (eucharist), Chrism (ordination)
2nd Order: High Priest, Priest, Liturgist
3rd Order: Monks, Holy Laity, Catechumens
1st Order: Seraphs, Cherubs, Thrones
2nd Order: Dominions, Mights, Powers
3rd Order: Principalities, Archangels, Angels
2) A brief history of Angels
a) Introduction
b) Creation
i) Time of creation
ii) Numbers
iii) Organization
(1) The various kinds
(a) Seraphs
(b) Cherubs
(c) Archangels and Angels
(d) Thrones, Dominions, Powers, Principalities, Mights
(2) Conclusions
(a) Order
(b) Details of order not revealed
(c) Uses
Dr. Dilday's Sermon: "A Reformed View of Angels, Part 4"
https://www.sermonaudio.com/sermoninfo.asp?SID=4712172857
1) Introduction
2) Angelic spiritual attributes (cont.)
a) Doctrine: Angels are immortal.
b) Doctrine: Angels are rational creatures.
c) Doctrine: Angels are rational creatures.
d) Doctrine: Angels are powerful.
i) Scripture illustrations
ii) Limitations
iii) Uses
3) A brief history of Angels
a) Introduction
b) Creation
i) Time of creation
ii) Numbers
iii) Use